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Isoniazid is an antibiotic used to treat and prevent tuberculosis. It is often combined with other TB medicines to avoid resistance.

What it is

Isoniazid is a medicine used to treat and prevent tuberculosis (TB). It is classified as an antitubercular agent and is usually given with other TB drugs to stop the bacteria from becoming resistant.

What it's used for

Isoniazid is used for all forms of tuberculosis where the bacteria are susceptible. It is also recommended as preventive therapy for people with a positive TB skin test or those exposed to active TB, based on official guidelines.

Common side effects

The most frequent side effects involve the nervous system and liver. Common nervous system effects include tingling, numbness, or burning in the hands and feet (peripheral neuropathy), especially in people who are malnourished or have diabetes. Other possible side effects include nausea, vomiting, and liver problems such as jaundice. Rare but serious skin reactions may also occur.

Important cautions

Do not take isoniazid if you have acute liver disease, have had a severe allergic reaction to it before, or have experienced isoniazid‑induced hepatitis. Seek immediate medical help if you develop yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, severe abdominal pain, or any severe skin reaction (blisters, peeling, or sores). Avoid alcohol while taking this medicine as it increases the risk of liver damage.

Frequently asked questions

What is isoniazid used for?

Isoniazid is used to treat active tuberculosis (TB) and to prevent TB in people who have been exposed to the bacteria or have a positive skin test.

What are the side effects of isoniazid?

Common side effects include numbness or tingling in the hands and feet (peripheral neuropathy), upset stomach, and liver problems. Serious but rare skin reactions and nerve damage have also been reported.

Can I buy isoniazid without a prescription in Nigeria?

This product is available over the counter, but it is strongly recommended to use isoniazid only under the supervision of a healthcare professional, especially for TB treatment.

How is isoniazid taken?

Isoniazid is usually taken by mouth once daily, with or without food. Your doctor will tell you the correct dose and how long to take it. Never stop early without medical advice.

This information is for general guidance only and is not medical advice. Please consult your physician or pharmacist before using any medication.